What to Expect During a Deep Cleaning (Scaling and Root Planing)

Key Takeaways

• What is deep cleaning teeth? It’s a specialized dental procedure known as periodontal scaling and root planing that targets gum disease by cleaning below the gumline.
• Deep cleaning is recommended when early signs of gum disease, such as gingivitis or periodontitis, are present to prevent further progression and potential tooth loss.
• There is a clear difference between teeth scaling vs cleaning — deep cleaning treats periodontal pockets, while regular cleanings focus on surface plaque and tartar.
• The scaling and root planing process involves several detailed steps, including plaque removal, smoothing the tooth roots, and careful post-treatment care to ensure optimal gum health.

What is a Deep Cleaning, and Why Might Your Dentist Recommend It?

Have you ever heard your dentist mention a “deep cleaning” and wondered what makes it different from a standard dental visit? What is deep cleaning teeth? This question is crucial for anyone concerned about gum health and the prevention of severe dental conditions.

A deep cleaning, technically referred to as periodontal scaling and root planing, is a procedure designed to treat and prevent gum disease. Unlike routine cleanings that focus on plaque and tartar above the gumline, this treatment targets the areas beneath the gums, where bacteria can cause infections that lead to periodontal disease.

Why Might Your Dentist Recommend Deep Cleaning?

Dentists often recommend deep cleaning when signs of gum disease appear, such as:

• Persistent bad breath (halitosis)
• Red, swollen, or bleeding gums
• Gum recession is exposing more of the tooth.
• Formation of deep periodontal pockets

Dr. James Ko explains:
"Early intervention through deep cleaning can halt the progression of gum disease and reduce the risk of tooth loss."

According to the Canadian Dental Association (CDA), untreated gum disease is a leading cause of tooth loss in adults. A study by the American Dental Association (ADA) on periodontal disease confirms that regular monitoring and early intervention, including procedures such as scaling and root planing, are essential for maintaining oral health.

The Role of Deep Cleaning in Gum Disease Prevention

Deep cleaning teeth is not just about cosmetic cleanliness—it is a preventive and therapeutic measure. Gum disease is linked to systemic health issues like heart disease and diabetes. Addressing bacteria below the gumline reduces inflammation and supports both oral and overall health.

How Does a Deep Cleaning Differ from a Standard Dental Cleaning?

Many patients ask: What’s the difference between teeth scaling and cleaning? While both involve plaque and tartar removal, they serve distinct purposes and levels of gum care.

Regular Dental Cleaning (Prophylaxis)

• Focuses on plaque and tartar above the gumline.
• Preventive in nature, designed for patients with healthy gums.
• Typically recommended every 6 months.
• Painless and quick, usually completed in under an hour.

Deep Cleaning (Scaling and Root Planing)

• Targets bacteria and debris below the gumline.
• Necessary for treating gingivitis and periodontitis.
• May require local anesthesia.
• Conducted over 1-2 visits, depending on severity.
• Supports healing of periodontal pockets and promotes gum reattachment.

Comparison Table: Teeth Scaling vs Cleaning

What Research Says

A 2023 review published by the Journal of Periodontology emphasized that scaling and root planing is the gold standard for managing chronic periodontitis, significantly improving gum attachment and reducing inflammation.

Dr. Camila Villarreal adds:
"Patients who undergo scaling and root planing often report improvements not only in their oral health but also in their general well-being, thanks to reduced systemic inflammation."

What Exactly Happens During the Scaling and Root Planing Process?

If you’ve been told you need this procedure, you may wonder: What does deep cleaning include? The process is meticulous and carefully tailored to stop gum disease progression.

Step 1: Dental Examination and Diagnosis

• Your dentist measures the depth of periodontal pockets using a probe.
• X-rays may be taken to assess bone loss.
• Treatment planning based on pocket depth and gum health status.

Step 2: Scaling

• Removal of plaque, tartar, and bacteria above and below the gumline.
• Special ultrasonic instruments and hand scalers are used.
• Focus on cleaning deep periodontal pockets that cannot be reached during regular cleaning.

Step 3: Root Planing

• Smoothing of the tooth roots to remove bacterial toxins.
• Helps gums reattach to the teeth.
• Reduces the risk of bacterial re-colonization.

Step 4: Aftercare and Healing

• Instructions for Maintaining Oral Hygiene at Home.
• Possible prescription of antimicrobial rinses.
• Follow-up visits to monitor gum healing.

Important Aftercare Tips:

• Avoid hard or crunchy foods for several days.
• Brush gently with a soft-bristled toothbrush.
• Use recommended antiseptic mouthwash.

Does a Deep Cleaning Hurt, and How Can Discomfort Be Minimized?

A common concern among patients is: Does deep teeth cleaning hurt? The experience varies depending on gum sensitivity, disease severity, and the patient’s pain threshold.

What Patients Typically Feel

• Mild to moderate discomfort during and after the procedure.
• Sensitivity, especially to hot or cold foods, lasts for a few days.
• Slight bleeding or gum tenderness immediately following treatment.

Use of Local Anesthesia

• Dentists routinely apply local anesthesia to numb the area being treated.
• This significantly reduces discomfort during scaling and root planing.
• In rare cases, sedation options may be available for highly anxious patients.

Managing After-Effects

• Over-the-counter pain relievers, such as ibuprofen, can help reduce post-treatment discomfort.
• Rinsing with warm salt water may soothe tender gums.
• Soft foods and gentle brushing help protect healing tissue.

How Much Does a Deep Cleaning Typically Cost in Canada?

The cost of deep cleaning teeth in Canada can vary based on location, clinic policies, and insurance coverage.

Factors Influencing Cost

• Severity of gum disease
• Number of sessions required
• Use of anesthesia or sedation
• Geographic region (urban centres like Toronto may charge more)

Insurance Considerations

• Many Canadian dental insurance plans cover part or all of the cost of periodontal therapy.
• Pre-authorization may be required from the insurer.

What Are the Health Benefits of Regular Deep Cleanings?

Beyond the mouth, maintaining regular deep cleanings can significantly impact overall health. Chronic gum disease has been linked to various systemic conditions, making its management crucial.

Reduced Systemic Inflammation

• Deep cleaning lowers levels of oral bacteria that can enter the bloodstream.
• Studies have linked periodontal disease to systemic inflammation markers, such as C-reactive protein.

Additional Benefits

• Fresher breath
• Prevention of tooth mobility or loss
• Enhanced self-confidence due to healthier gums

Can Deep Cleaning Prevent Tooth Loss or Reverse Gum Disease?

Deep cleaning plays a pivotal role in preventing tooth loss and halting the progression of gum disease. However, while it can stop the progression of periodontitis, it cannot fully reverse the damage already done to the bone and tissues.

Slowing Periodontitis Progression

• Scaling and root planing reduce bacteria in deep gum pockets.
• Helps reattach gums to the tooth surface, stabilizing teeth.
• Prevents further destruction of bone and connective tissue.

Are There Risks or Side Effects Associated with Deep Cleaning?

Like any medical procedure, deep cleaning has potential side effects, though they are generally minor and temporary.

Common Side Effects

• Gum sensitivity, especially to temperature changes
• Minor bleeding post-treatment
• Soreness or mild discomfort in the treated area

Rare Complications

• Temporary gum recession
• Increased tooth sensitivity lasting several weeks
• In sporadic cases, localized infections (if post-care instructions are ignored)

How Often Should Deep Cleaning Be Done for Best Results?

The ideal frequency for deep cleaning depends on an individual's gum health and risk of disease.

General Dentist Recommendations

• For patients with mild gingivitis, Deep cleaning may only be necessary once, followed by routine maintenance.
• For those with chronic periodontitis, Every 3–4 months may be advised to control bacterial buildup.

Factors Influencing Frequency

• Smoking status
• Diabetes or other systemic conditions
• Genetic susceptibility to gum disease

Conclusion: Is Deep Cleaning the Right Choice for Your Oral Health?

Deciding whether to undergo deep cleaning depends on your gum health, risk factors, and your dentist's recommendation. Here’s a concise summary to help you weigh the benefits, costs, and potential risks.

Is Deep Cleaning Right for You?

If your dentist identifies signs such as deep periodontal pockets, persistent gum bleeding, or early-stage periodontitis, a deep cleaning is often the best course of action. It’s a proactive measure to preserve your teeth and overall health.

However, if you have no signs of gum disease and maintain excellent oral hygiene, routine cleanings and regular check-ups remain sufficient.

Sources Used

• Canadian Dental Association (https://www.cda-adc.ca/)
• American Dental Association (https://www.ada.org/)
• Journal of Clinical Periodontology
• Journal of Periodontal Research
• Forum discussions on DentalTown.ca and Reddit (Canada)
• Expert insights from Dr. James Ko and Dr. Camila Villarreal at Markham Smile Centre (https://www.markhamsmilecentre.ca/)

For personalized consultation, visit Markham Smile Centre's periodontal care services.